Maven项目的构建与测试

9个月前 (04-27)

在上一节中，我们介绍了如何使用 archetype 创建 Maven 项目，接下来我们介绍如何构建和测试这个项目。

构建项目

查看 helloMaven 项目的 pom.xml 文件，配置如下。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache网站站点" rel="nofollow"  />     
mvn clean package

令执行结果如下：

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] --------------------< net.biancheng.www:helloMaven >--------------------
[INFO] Building helloMaven 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ helloMaven ---
[INFO] Deleting D:\maven\helloMaven\target
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ helloMaven ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\maven\helloMaven\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ helloMaven ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\maven\helloMaven\target\classes
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ helloMaven ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\maven\helloMaven\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ helloMaven ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\maven\helloMaven\target\test-classes
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ helloMaven ---
[INFO] Surefire report directory: D:\maven\helloMaven\target\surefire-reports
Downloading from central: https://repo.maven.apache网站站点" rel="nofollow"  />

图1：target 目录

说明：

Maven 令中包含了两个令：clean 和 package，其中 clean 负责清理 target 目录，package 负责将项目构建并打包输出为 jar 文件。

classes：源代码编译后存放在该目录中。

test-classes：测试源代码编译后并存放在该目录中。

surefire-reports：Maven 运行测试用例生成的测试报告存放在该目录中。

helloMaven-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar：Maven 对项目进行打包生成的 jar 文件。

打开令控制台，跳转到 D:\maven\helloMaven\target\classes 目录，执行 Java 令

java net.biancheng.www.App

执行结果如下。

Hello World!

测试项目

下面我们介绍如何在 Maven 项目中添加其他的 Java 文件，并进行测试。

打开 D:\maven\helloMaven\src\main\java\net\biancheng\www 文件夹，在其中创建一个名为 Util.java 的文件。

package net.biancheng.www;
/**
* Maven 项目中添加的自定义java类
*
* @author 编程帮 www.biancheng网站站点" rel="nofollow"  /> 
package net.biancheng.www;
/**
* @author 编程帮 www.biancheng网站站点" rel="nofollow"  />  
mvn clean compile

令执行结果如下。

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] --------------------< net.biancheng.www:helloMaven >--------------------
[INFO] Building helloMaven 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ helloMaven ---
[INFO] Deleting D:\maven\helloMaven\target
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ helloMaven ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\maven\helloMaven\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ helloMaven ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding GBK, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 2 source files to D:\maven\helloMaven\target\classes
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  0.853 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-03-03T09:26:29+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

编译成功后，跳转到 D:\maven\helloMaven\target\classes 目录下，执行以下 Java 令。

java net.biancheng.www.App

执行结果如下。

编程帮欢迎您，网址：www.biancheng网站站点" rel="nofollow" />